Torberian language

Torberian (Standard Torberian: Torberiját [toːpɾjɔt]), also known as the Torberian Language' (Standard Torberian: Torberpálatan [toːperpɔɫtãn]) is the National Language of Torberia, and an official language of all Tarvalian Countries and the West Velizkan Accord. It is spoken by 218 million people, primarily in the countries of Torberia, Têuver, Sztrínnia, Kályran and Tzíralla. Torberian belongs to the Serivnian Branch, together with Surii or Ateran, of the Kártalian Languages, a family shared with Morfeyran, Renavinan and Jaturnian. Its relation with the Jaturnian Language are distant, however a large portion of its vocabulary is borrowed from Jaturnian. Loanwords are extremely common in modern torberian, with roots from the other Torberian Languages, most notably Tévnovan, proliferating in the last century.

Torberian is an agglutinative, synthetic, mora-timed languages with complex phonotactics, a pure vowel system, phonemic vowel and consonant length and a lexically significant pitch-accent. Word order in Torberian is generally free, but Subject-Object-Verb is the predominant word order in most contexts. The grammatical function of words is marked by its case system, with functions not relating to any case being represented by postpositions. Sentence-final particles are used for emotional and emphatic impact, and are used to mark questions. Torberian nouns are inflected by 7 cases, 3 numbers and 3 genders, while Torberian verbs are conjugated by 3 tenses, 5 aspects, 6 moods, 3 persons and 3 numbers.

The nature of Torberian as a single language is heavily contested. It is a part of the Serivnian dialect continuum, with the dialects at its edges, like Rjén Torberian or Serna Torberian being having very low intelligibility with Standard Torberian. By its native speakers, the Torberian dialects are considered one Torberian Language, but, because of their lack of mutual intelligibility, Torberian is considered by most linguists as a subfamily of languages within the Serivnian Languages and by extension the Kartalian Family, with linguists noting that torberian dialects are almost as divergent as Jaturnian Languages. The Torberian Government lists all of these varieties not as Pálatam (languages) but rather as Krénnám Kálpák (Local Dialects), and demands both the use of the word "dialect" for their designation and the naming of Torberian as a single language. All dialects of Torberian share a written form, pitch-accent and a largely synthetic and agglutinative grammar.